centos6.9安装mysql的实例教程

[root@cdh1 zjl]# yum list installed mysql*Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Installed Packages
MySQL-python.x86_ 1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6 @base 
mysql-libs.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9

2、卸载已安装的mysql，建议使用yum命令，因为yum命令可以自动删除与mysql相关的依赖；如果使用rpm命令，则还需要手动去删除和mysql相关的文件，比较麻烦

[root@cdh1 zjl]# yum remove MySQL-python.x86_ mysql-libs.x86_
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package MySQL-python.x86_ 0:1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6 will be erased--> Processing Dependency: MySQL-python for package: cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6.x86_---> Package mysql-libs.x86_ 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be erased--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_--> Processing Dependency: mysql-libs for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_--> Running transaction check---> Package cloudera-manager-agent.x86_ 0:5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6 will be erased---> Package postfix.x86_ 2:2.6.6-8.el6 will be erased--> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_--> Processing Dependency: /usr/sbin/sendmail for package: cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_--> Running transaction check---> Package cronie.x86_ 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 will be erased--> Processing Dependency: cronie = 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 for package: cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_---> Package redhat-lsb-core.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased--> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-) = 4.0 for package: redhat-lsb-printing-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_--> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-) = 4.0-7.el6.centos for package: redhat-lsb-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_--> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb-core(x86-) = 4.0 for package: redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_--> Running transaction check---> Package cronie-anacron.x86_ 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 will be erased---> Package redhat-lsb.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased--> Processing Dependency: redhat-lsb(x86-) = 4.0-7.el6.centos for package: redhat-lsb-compat-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_---> Package redhat-lsb-graphics.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased---> Package redhat-lsb-printing.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased--> Running transaction check---> Package redhat-lsb-compat.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos will be erased--> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch--> Processing Dependency: /etc/cron.d for package: sysstat-9.0.4-33.el6.x86_--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.--> Running transaction check---> Package crontabs.noarch 0:1.10-33.el6 will be erased---> Package sysstat.x86_ 0:9.0.4-33.el6 will be erased--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved====================================================================
 Package Arch Version Repository
 Size====================================================================Removing:
 MySQL-python x86_ 1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6 @base 246 k
 mysql-libs x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 4.0 M
Removing for dependencies:
 cloudera-manager-agent x86_ 5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6 @/cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6.x86_ 71 M
 cronie x86_ 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 174 k
 cronie-anacron x86_ 1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 43 k
 crontabs noarch 1.10-33.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 2.4 k
 postfix x86_ 2:2.6.6-8.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 9.7 M
 redhat-lsb x86_ 4.0-7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 0.0 
 redhat-lsb-compat x86_ 4.0-7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 0.0 
 redhat-lsb-core x86_ 4.0-7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 22 k
 redhat-lsb-graphics x86_ 4.0-7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 0.0 
 redhat-lsb-printing x86_ 4.0-7.el6.centos @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 0.0 
 sysstat x86_ 9.0.4-33.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201703281317.x86_/6.9 826 k

Transaction Summary====================================================================Remove 13 Package(s)

Installed size: 86 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-compat-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 1/13 
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 2/13 
 Erasing : cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9. 3/13 warning: /etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini saved as /etc/cloudera-scm-agent/config.ini.rpmsave
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 4/13 
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-printing-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 5/13 
 Erasing : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 6/13 /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.jLbJUk: line 1: lsb_release: command not found
 Erasing : MySQL-python-1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6.x86_ 7/13 
 Erasing : sysstat-9.0.4-33.el6.x86_ 8/13 
 Erasing : crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch 9/13 
 Erasing : cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_ 10/13 
 Erasing : cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_ 11/13 
 Erasing : 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_ 12/13 
 Erasing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_ 13/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-printing-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 1/13 
 Verifying : cronie-anacron-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_ 2/13 
 Verifying : cronie-1.4.4-16.el6_8.2.x86_ 3/13 
 Verifying : 2:postfix-2.6.6-8.el6.x86_ 4/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 5/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-core-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 6/13 
 Verifying : cloudera-manager-agent-5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9. 7/13 
 Verifying : crontabs-1.10-33.el6.noarch 8/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-compat-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 9/13 
 Verifying : MySQL-python-1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6.x86_ 10/13 
 Verifying : redhat-lsb-graphics-4.0-7.el6.centos.x86_ 11/13 
 Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-33.el6.x86_ 12/13 
 Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_ 13/13 Removed:
 MySQL-python.x86_ 0:1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6 
 mysql-libs.x86_ 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 

Dependency Removed:
 cloudera-manager-agent.x86_ 0:5.11.1-1.cm5111.p0.9.el6 
 cronie.x86_ 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 
 cronie-anacron.x86_ 0:1.4.4-16.el6_8.2 
 crontabs.noarch 0:1.10-33.el6 
 postfix.x86_ 2:2.6.6-8.el6 
 redhat-lsb.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos 
 redhat-lsb-compat.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos 
 redhat-lsb-core.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos 
 redhat-lsb-graphics.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos 
 redhat-lsb-printing.x86_ 0:4.0-7.el6.centos 
 sysstat.x86_ 0:9.0.4-33.el6 

Complete!

3、用whereis命令查找mysql相关的文件，因为步骤2用yum来卸载，所以mysql被清理得很干净；如果使用rpm将会很麻烦，有很多的文件需要手动清除

[root@cdh1 zjl]# whereis mysql
mysql:

4、查看系统中的mysql安装包

[root@cdh1 zjl]# yum list mysql*Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Available Packages
MySQL-python.x86_ 1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6 base
mysql.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-bench.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-connector-java.noarch 1:5.1.17-6.el6 base
mysql-connector-odbc.x86_ 5.1.5r1144-7.el6 base
mysql-devel.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-devel.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded-devel.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded-devel.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-libs.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-libs.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-server.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-test.x86_ 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base

5、选择mysql-server来安装

[root@cdh1 zjl]# mysql--***-->---> Package mysql-server.x86_ :.---> Processing Dependency: mysql = .-.el6_8 package: mysql-server-.---> Processing Dependency: -DBI package: mysql-server-.---> Processing Dependency: -DBD-MySQL package: mysql-server-.---> Processing Dependency: (DBI) package: mysql-server-.---> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.(libmysqlclient_16)(bit) package: mysql-server-.---> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.(libmysqlclient_16)(bit) package: mysql-server-.---> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.()(bit) package: mysql-server-.---> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.()(bit) package: mysql-server-.--->---> Package mysql.x86_ :.----> Package mysql-libs.x86_ :.----> Package -DBD-MySQL.x86_ :----> Package -DBI.x86_ :--->==================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================-server x86_ .-.el6_8 base .-.el6_8 base -libs x86_ .-.el6_8 base -DBD-MySQL x86_ -.el6 base -DBI x86_ -.el6 base =================================================================================================================================================================================================================/

6、选择y继续安装

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_.rpm | 5 kB 00:00 (2/5): mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00 (3/5): mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_.rpm | 8.6 MB 00:02 (4/5): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_.rpm | 134 kB 00:00 (5/5): perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_.rpm | 705 kB 00:00 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total 2.2 MB/s | 12 MB 00:05 Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
 Installing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_ 1/5 
 Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_ 2/5 
 Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_ 3/5 
 Installing : mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_ 4/5 
 Installing : mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_ 5/5 
 Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_ 1/5 
 Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_ 2/5 
 Verifying : mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_ 3/5 
 Verifying : mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_ 4/5 
 Verifying : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_ 5/5 Installed:
 mysql-server.x86_ 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 

Dependency Installed:
 mysql.x86_ 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 mysql-libs.x86_ 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_ 0:4.013-3.el6 perl-DBI.x86_ 0:1.609-4.el6 

Complete!

7、启动mysql服务

[root@cdh1 zjl]# service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h cdh1.zjl.com password 'new-password'Alternatively you can run:/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installationwhich will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script! [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]

8、连接一下试一下，直接mysql然后\q关闭连接

[root@cdh1 zjl]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \q
Bye

9、设置mysql开机启动

[root@cdh1 zjl]# chkconfig mysqld on

10、开启3306端口，并保存

[root@cdh1 zjl]# /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
[root@cdh1 zjl]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save

11、连接mysql设置密码

[root@cdh1 zjl]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password('123') where user='root';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> \q
Bye

12、重启mysql服务

[root@cdh1 zjl]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]